Huge Energy Storage Technology Developed in India | Sodium Ion Battery | In Hindi | Knowledge INDIA
The sodium-ion battery (NIB or SIB) is a type of rechargeable battery analogous to the lithium-ion battery but using sodium ions (Na+) as the charge carriers. Its working principle and cell construction are almost identical with those of commercially widespread lithium-ion battery types, but sodium compounds are used instead of lithium compounds.
Sodium-ion batteries are emerging as a potential alternative to existing lithium based battery technologies, largely due to the lower cost and higher availability of Sodium compared to Lithium. Since SIBs make use of abundant and cheap materials (like sodium instead of lithium, aluminum instead of copper), they are expected to be less expensive than LIBs. Furthermore, the environmental impacts of SIBs are lower. Although the SIBs are heavier and larger than LIBs, they are feasible for stationary energy storage systems where the weight and volume are less crucial.
Sodium-ion batteries have received much academic and commercial interest in the 2010s and 2020s as a possible complementary technology to lithium-ion batteries, largely due to the uneven geographic distribution, high environmental impact and high cost of many of the elements required for lithium-ion batteries. Chief among these are lithium, cobalt, copper and nickel, which are not strictly required for many types of sodium-ion batteries. The largest advantage of sodium-ion batteries is the high natural abundance of sodium. This would make commercial production of sodium-ion batteries less costly than lithium-ion batteries.
As of 2022, sodium-ion batteries have very little share of the battery market. The technology is unmentioned in a United States Energy Information Administration report on battery storage technologies. No electric vehicles use sodium-ion batteries. Challenges to adoption include low energy density and a limited number of charge-discharge cycles.
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